If you’re building or renovating in Victoria, you’ve probably heard both terms thrown around — NatHERS and Section J. They both relate to energy compliance, and both are required under the National Construction Code (NCC). But they’re not the same thing and confusing them can cost you time and money. Here’s a clear, practical explanation of what each one is and when you need it.
NatHERS — For Residential Buildings
NatHERS stands for Nationwide House Energy Rating Scheme. It is the framework used to assess the thermal performance of residential buildings — houses, apartments, and townhouses.
A NatHERS assessment uses accredited software to model a home’s heat retention or loss throughout the year. The software includes options like FirstRate5 or BERS Pro. This model considers the home’s design, materials, orientation, and location. The result is a star rating from 0 to 10.
Since 2024, all new homes in Victoria must achieve a least of 7 stars under NCC 2022.
A NatHERS assessment covers:
– The building envelope: walls, roof, floor, windows and glazing
– Insulation levels and specifications
– Orientation and shading
– Natural ventilation and air leakage
– Heating and cooling loads
A NatHERS report is prepared by an accredited NatHERS assessor. It is required as part of your Building Approval application for any new residential building or major addition.
Section J — For Commercial Buildings
Section J refers to Section J of the National Construction Code Volume 1. It sets out the energy efficiency requirements for commercial buildings. These include offices, retail spaces, warehouses, schools, medical centers, and other non-residential buildings.
Unlike NatHERS, Section J doesn’t produce a star rating. Instead, it verifies that a building’s design meets basic energy efficiency requirements across a range of elements.
A Section J report covers:
– The building fabric: walls, roof, glazing and insulation
– Air conditioning and mechanical ventilation systems
– Artificial lighting and power
– Heated water systems
– On-site renewable energy (in some cases)
Section J compliance can be demonstrated through a Deemed-to-Satisfy (DtS) pathway. In this approach, each element meets a prescriptive standard. Another choice is the JV3 modeling pathway. This method allows more design flexibility. It shows that the overall building performs at least as well as a reference building.
At a Glance: Key Differences
Building type: NatHERS applies to residential buildings (houses, apartments, townhouses). Section J applies to commercial and non-residential buildings.
What it measures: NatHERS measures thermal comfort and produces a star rating. Section J measures overall energy efficiency across multiple building systems.
NCC reference: NatHERS is covered under NCC Vol 2. Section J sits within NCC Vol 1.
Output: NatHERS produces a star rating (least 7 stars required in Victoria). Section J produces a compliance report — pass or fail.
When you need it: Both are required at the Building Permit stage.
Can a Building Need Both?
Yes — in some cases. A mixed-use development needs both a NatHERS assessment for the residential part. This is when residential apartments are above a commercial ground floor. Additionally, it needs a Section J report for the commercial areas. In these situations, using the same consultant for both reports eliminates inconsistencies and simplifies your approval submission.
What About BESS and STORM Reports?
If your project requires Planning Permit approval, you need more than just a Building Permit. A BESS (Built Environment Sustainability Scorecard) assessment will also be required. You need a BlueFactor report (formerly known as STORM report) as well. These are separate from NatHERS and Section J. Many Victorian councils need them as part of the planning process.
NZEB Australia can prepare all these reports, which means fewer consultants, fewer delays, and a more streamlined approval process. For more details about our services, you can find our Capability Statement HERE.
Not Sure What Your Project Needs?
Every project is different. Whether you’re a homeowner, architect, building designer, or builder, we’re happy to have a quick conversation. We can point you in the right direction — with no obligation.
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📧 Email: info@nzeb.com.au